Hei kimi pono i te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā pahikara tuku iho me ngā pahikara hiko, me ako te tangata i te hītori o ngā pahikara katoa. Ahakoa i hangaia ngā pahikara hiko i te tekau tau atu i 1890, tae noa ki te tekau tau atu i 1990 ka māmā ake ngā pākahiko hei whakamahi mana i runga i ngā pahikara.

I whakawhanakehia te pahikara e mōhiotia nei i te tīmatanga o te rautau 19 nā te maha o ngā kaihanga i whakarerekē katoa i te ariā o ngā pahikara i taua wā, i whakapai ake rānei i ngā hoahoa o mua. I hangaia te pahikara tuatahi e tētahi rangatira Tiamana ko Karl Von Drais te ingoa i te tau 1817. He mea nui te hanganga o te pahikara, engari i taua wā ko te nuinga o te pahikara tauira he rakau matotoru. Ka taea anake te whakakaha mā te whana i te whenua ki ngā waewae e rua.

1. Ngā Takenga Mai o te Pahikara Kāore i te Whaimana

I mua i te tau 1817, he maha ngā kaihanga i tuhi i te ariā o te pahikara. Engari kia kiia ai he "pahikara" tētahi hangarau, me waiho hei waka tangata i runga i ngā wira e rua e hiahiatia ana kia taurite te kaieke.

2.1817–1819：Te whānautanga o te pahikara

Pāona Karl Von Drais

Ko te pahikara tuatahi i mōhiotia i tēnei wā nō Baron Carl von Drais. I hangaia te motuka i te tau 1817, ā, i te tau i muri mai ka patenthia. Koinei te mīhini wira-rua tuatahi i hokohoko angitu, ka taea te taraiwa, ka taea te whakamahi e te tangata, i muri mai ka whakaingoatia ko te velocipede (pahikara), e mōhiotia ana ko te hōiho dandy, ko te hōiho hobi rānei.

Denis Johnson

Kāore i mau te ingoa o te mea i hangaia e Dennis, ā, i tino rongonui te "hōiho dandy" i taua wā. Ā, he ātaahua ake te mea i hangaia e Dennis i te tau 1818, he āhua nakahi te āhua whānui, kaua ki te mea tika pērā i te mea i hangaia e Dries.

3. 1850s: Tretkurbelfahrrad nā Philipp Moritz Fisher

Ko tētahi atu Tiamana kei te pūtake o tētahi mahi hou. I whakamahia e Philipp Moritz Fischer ngā pahikara tawhito hei haere ki te kura me te hoki mai i te kura i a ia e tamariki ana, ā, i te tau 1853 i hangaia e ia te pahikara tuatahi me ngā pētara, i tapaina e ia ko te Tretkurbelfahrrad, e kore ai e hiahiatia kia nekehia e te kaiwhakamahi te whenua me ōna waewae.

4. 1860s: Boneshaker or Velocipede

I whakarerekētia e ngā kaihanga Wīwī te hoahoa o ngā pahikara i te tau 1863. I whakanuia e ia te whakamahinga o te porotaka hurihuri me ngā pētera e mau ana ki te wira o mua.

He uaua te urungi i te pahikara, engari nā te pai o te hoahoa o te pētera me te hoahoa anga whakarewa hei whakaiti i te taumaha, ka taea te eke ki ngā tere tere ake.

5. Ngā tau 1870: Ngā pahikara wira-teitei

He peke nui te auahatanga o ngā pahikara wira-iti. I runga i tēnei, kei runga te kaieke i te whenua, he wira nui kei mua, he wira iti kei muri, kia tere ake ai, engari e kiia ana tēnei hoahoa he mea morearea.
6. Ngā tau 1880-90: Ngā Pahikara Haumaru

Ko te taenga mai o te pahikara haumaru e kiia whānuitia ana ko te panonitanga nui rawa atu i roto i te hītori o te pahikara. Nā tēnei i whakarerekē te tirohanga ki te pahikara hei mahi whakangahau morearea, ā, ka waiho hei momo kawe waka o ia rā ka taea e te tangata o ngā reanga katoa te pārekareka.

I te tau 1885, i angitu a John Kemp Starley ki te hanga i te pahikara haumaru tuatahi i huaina ko te Rover. He māmā ake te eke i runga i ngā rori kua whakakikoruatia me ngā rori paru. Heoi, nā te iti o te rahi o te wira me te kore o te whakatārewatanga, kāore i te tino whakamarie pērā i te pahikara wira-teitei.

7.1890s: Te hanganga o te pahikara hiko

I te tau 1895, i whakamanahia e Ogden Bolton Jr. te pahikara pākahiko tuatahi me te mōtini pokapū DC me te whakawhitiwhiti paraihe 6-pou i te wira o muri.

8. Ngā tau tōmua o te rautau 1900 ki te tekau tau atu i 1930: te auahatanga hangarau

I te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, i haere tonu te whanaketanga me te whanaketanga o ngā pahikara. I whakawhanakehia e Wīwī he maha ngā haerenga pahikara mō ngā tūruhi, ā, i te tekau tau atu i 1930 ka tīmata te puta o ngā whakahaere reihi Pākehā.

9.1950, 1960, 1970: Ngā waka tere me ngā pahikara reihi o Amerika Te Raki

Ko ngā pahikara tere me ngā pahikara reihi ngā momo pahikara tino rongonui i Amerika Te Raki. He rongonui ngā pahikara tere i waenga i ngā kaieke pahikara tauhou, ko te pahikara niho-mau, he pēra e whakamahia ana e te pēra, kotahi te ōwehenga, me ngā potae hau, he mea rongonui mō te roa me te whakamarie me te pakari.

I ngā tau 1950 anō hoki, i tino rongonui te reihi waka i Amerika Te Raki. E karangatia ana hoki tēnei waka reihi ko te sports roadster e ngā Amerikana, ā, he rongonui i waenga i ngā kaieke paihikara pakeke. Nā tōna mama, ōna potae whaiti, ōna ōwehenga taputapu maha, me tōna whānui wira nui, he tere ake, he pai ake hoki i te piki pukepuke, ā, he kōwhiringa pai hei whakakapi i te waka tere.

10. Te hanganga o te BMX i ngā tau 1970

Mō te wā roa, he ōrite tonu te āhua o ngā pahikara, tae noa ki te hanganga o te BMX i California i ngā tau 1970. Ko te rahi o ēnei wira kei waenga i te 16 inihi ki te 24 inihi, ā, he mea rongonui ki ngā taiohi.

11. Te hanganga o te pahikara maunga i ngā tau 1970

Ko tētahi atu mea hou i California ko te pahikara maunga, i puta tuatahi mai i ngā tau 1970 engari kāore i hangaia kia nui tae noa ki te tau 1981. I hangaia mō te eke pahikara i waho o te rori, i te rori taratara rānei. I tere te angitu o te eke pahikara maunga, ā, i whakaaweawe i ētahi atu hākinakina tino kaha.

12. Ngā tau 1970-1990: Te mākete pahikara o Ūropi

I te tekau tau atu i 1970, i te rongonui haere o te pahikara whakangahau, ka tīmata ngā pahikara māmā iti iho i te 30 pauna te taumaha hei tauira hokohoko matua i te mākete, ā, ka haere tonu te whakamahinga mō te reihi.

13. Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1990 ki te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 2000: te whanaketanga o ngā pahikara hiko

He rerekē ki ngā pahikara tuku iho, e 40 tau noa iho te roa o te hītori o ngā pahikara hiko tūturu. I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki haere te rongonui o ngā pahikara hiko nā te hekenga o ngā utu me te pikinga o te wātea.